Outcomes-Based Contracting for Tutoring

Overview

Outcomes-based contracting (OBC) is an approach to procuring tutoring services in which payment is tied to measurable student outcomes (rather than simply hours delivered). OBC offers a powerful lever to increase provider accountability, cost-effectiveness, and equity. Research highlights that well-designed, outcomes-aligned tutoring can lead to significant gains, especially when implementation is monitored closely and in partnership with providers (NSSA, 2023).

The Approach

The Center for Outcomes Based Contracting has developed a robust framework for K-12 systems interested in piloting or expanding outcomes-based contracts. They offer tools–including sample contracts and implementation stories–to help leaders navigate legal, logistical, and even cultural barriers to this work.

Applying This Strategy in Your Context

To begin utilizing outcomes-based contracting for tutoring, districts can take the following steps to ensure impact-driven partnerships:

1. Identify key outcome metrics. Determine which student outcomes–such as proficiency growth, credit recovery, or course completion–will define success for the tutoring partnership. Getting clear on the outcomes most aligned to your vision, needs, and context will help identify best-fit providers and determine measures of success.

2. Select aligned partners. Work with tutoring organizations that are open to tying compensation to student results and have a demonstrated track record of effectiveness. While not all providers are used to this type of contract structure, many are increasingly willing to innovate alongside systems to build shared accountability. Be transparent about your goals, and seek partners eager to co-design the approach.

3. Draft performance-focused contracts. Use the Center for OBC’s templates to create agreements that are flexible in delivery but firm on expected outcomes. Include clear performance expectations, timelines, and escalation protocols so all parties know how progress will be evaluated and what steps to take if benchmarks are not met.

4. Build in data and reflection routines. Establish real-time data sharing and regular check-ins to support providers, monitor progress, and adjust course as needed. Prioritize collaborative problem-solving during these touchpoints so that contracts remain learning tools rather than static agreements.

With thoughtful design and strong partnerships, outcomes-based contracting can be a powerful lever for equity and impact. By focusing on outcomes rather than inputs, schools can better ensure that every dollar spent on tutoring leads to real gains for students who need it most.